A Various Powerful Organizations in England Essays

A Various Powerful Organizations in England Essays A Various Powerful Organizations in England Essay A Various Powerful Organizations in England Essay The basic alma for this unit is to provide novices with a perfect understanding of how various organizations operate the powerful influence of stakeholders and the relationship between the business and its external forces which are local, national and global environment. 1. 1 Before I go straight Into answering this question I will Like to briefly explain what an organization is, An organization is a social entity that has a collective goal and is linked to an external environment. There are seven different type organizations in England. Each of these organizations have their purpose which they serve. . Sole trader. This Is a business that Is owned by one person, and Is controlled by the same individual. Their purpose is to render special services to customers, as they are sensitive to customers needs since they are closer to them. 2. Partnership. This is a type of business that is owned by two or more people. They raise capital to form this kind of business. There Is increased credibility among customers and supplier, the purpose for this kind of organization Is for the both of them to bring skills and employ workers to reduce unemployment 3. Private limited company. This is a type of organization in which the business is owned by share holders, but cannot be sold to the public, and also, Its stock cannot be traded on the stock market. They have a duty to pay tax and all other revenue to the government. 4. Public limited company. This type of Organization is owned not by one individual but by the public, they sell shares to the public since they are quoted the stock market. They employ large number of employees; engage In International trade that earn the country foreign exchange and revenues. . Co-operatives. This Is the type of organization that the roofs or persons come together for the purpose of each member and the public. 6. Franchises. This is the type of organization that gives right to another company to use their name. Their rules, norms and style of franchiser are followed according to how I set out. The franchisee has to pay a certain amount. They pay tax and revenue to the Public sector. This type of organization is own and run by the government. 7. Government. They are the local or federal investment. 8. Non profitable organization. This type of organization is set up not to make profit, they receive donations, to help the less privileged In the society. COMPANY PROFILE Marks and Spencer Is one of Auks leading retailers, which have over 21 million people visiting their stores every week. They offer high quality stylish, home product and great value clothing, and also quality foods, responsibly sourced from approximately 2,000 suppliers worldwide. They provide work for over 78,000 people In the UK and abroad, and they have over 700 UK stores, plus an increasing worldwide business. They have specific values, goals, missions and visions. Their main vision is to have a specific standard compared to others. Their main mission is to give self-improving OFF quality. Www. Merchandiser. Co. UK). 1. 2. Marks and Spencer as one of I-J leading Retail Company have a large number of stakeholders both internal and external, so they will go to any length to meet the expectations of these stakeholders. Employees. He employee are those individual in the company that put their effort to make sure that Marks and Spencer are running from day to day, they are the internal stakeholders in the company, meeting their expectations is of most importance, these expectation may range from wage levels, working condition, personal growth and Job security, since they are humans and all hose conditions are meant, their production level will increase greatly. Customers. The customer are the people that make Marks and Spencer who they are today, Marks and Spencer have to work so hard to met their expectation by producing reliable and affordable product at all times. Shareholders. These people are the investors they are very much interested in the share and affair of the company. Marks and Spencer have to meet to their need by offering security to their investment, market value of investment, dividends and liquidity of investment. Suppliers. The suppliers are those people that Marks and Spencer depend on to apply their good to met their expectation, Marks and Spencer have to offer security of contract, ensure the growth of the organization and also met up to their regular payment. Society. These group of people are those people around the environment they try to avoid discrimination and they make sure that Marks and Spencer produce safe product which will make the environment safe and healthy to live.. Government. The governments are the rule maker that governs every business in the I-J, to meet their expectation is the regular payment of taxes and following the rules set out by them. 1. . In a business organization, the manner of handling stakeholder is of most important and it is the responsibility of Marks and Spencer to ensure that is done because of its status. Reliability. There should be reliability in the company, Marks and Spencer should earn the trust of their customer, in order for this to be done the production and quality of their goods should be at its best at all time. And it is essential to innovation new product. Responsiveness. Responsiveness is a law which is bound by every company in England which has been set out by the government as a center for very company to follow. In that way mark and Spence must also respond to those laws, this can increase the output of the goods because the quicker response to customers needs the better. Design with quality. The goods and services offered to customers should be of good quality and latest design. There is nothing as constant as change in this world. Customers always forget about the price with the passage of time, but good quality remains as long as it does exist. It is essential that the goods should not be considered sold to the customers until the customer has used it and e/she is satisfied with the product. 2. 1 An Economic system is a well planned and organized way in which a nations resources are allocated in a national society. The following are ways in which a nation allocates its resources. Command economic system: this is whereby the resources are allocated by the government through their planning system. They also decide government, employees and consumers. All system is owned by the government. Free Market economy system: This kind of economical system can also be called the price system simply put is a means of allocating resources in which the resources are even out by the market mechanism and the company have the power to decide what to produce and the most important economic problems are been resolved by private individuals in the company. Mixed economic system: This is the kind of system that portrays the characteristics of both the market and command economy these resources are allocated by the government and the stakeholders as well and this system is owned by the two parties I. E. Government and the investors as well. Some of these resources are allocated through market system or price and other are allocated by the state. 2. 2 Fiscal Policy, has to do with how changes in the level and rules of taxation is carried out by the government, and also the how the government changes the spending in to influence the economy. In England, it is expected of every business to pay 40 % higher rate and a 20% standard rate. On selected product there are some special taxes which is up to 16. 5% plus and other condition. Monetary Policy, The circulation of money and supply of money is determined by the rules made by the central bank, currency board or other regulatory committee, and this at the end affects the interest rates. Monetary policy is the act of determining the way banks store their money in their vaults or reserve. In March 2009, (MAC) Monetary Policy Committee declared it would be decreasing bank rate to 0. % and also stated that this current rate wouldnt reduce below that current rate. But in order for stimulate the economy with monetary value series of purchase asset need to be done. 2. 3. Competition Act 1998. This act was made to stop practices that discourage competition and free trading between business organizations. The banning of abusive character by a company or anti-competitive practices can be spread in industry. The impact of this in Marks and Spencer is that the clothing aspect of M will get free trading and at the same time bringing out the best in M. Enterprise Act 2002. The Enterprise Act 2002 is policy of the Parliament of the United Kingdom have made lot of changes to I-J competition law with respect to mergers and also changed the law governing liquidation bankruptcy. Free trading Act 1973. These deals with company that come together and the misuse the monopoly power in the market. This does not affect the clothing aspect of M since clothing industry is not monopoly and the law also abides with offenders who try to discourage free trading. 3. 1 Even though companies have the right to fix its price of goods this also depends on the market structure at that particular time. Below are some of the factors that determine the output and pricing decision off business. (1) Supply and demand. Demand is how much in quantity the customer want the product while supply is the amount of quantity a company produce out to the market. For a company like marks and Spencer the higher the demand the higher the supply and also the price will increase because of the increase in demand. Same goes to decrease in demand the lower the supply. (2) Elasticity of Demand. This is whereby goods or service changes of some of their product there will be an increase in sales. (3) Elasticity of Supply. This is whereby a company responds whereby there is a change in price of goods or services. So if the prices increase so will supply. (4) Economies of Scale. This is defines in how much quantity a company produces goods; because the more products you produce and the more the customers buy it in numbers will be cheaper, so this give competitive advantage to smaller company. 3. . Market forces A market force is the relationship and interaction between supply and demand in a market. The organizational response to market forces is very necessary for the company to stay important in the market. T will also have a direct contact to its profits and reputation. For example in England, in the real estates industry, the prices of selling house and the price of letting out houses has increased because everyone want to come and stay in England, this means that demand of home has increased and the same time the supply will increase at the same time. And also ruing the summer season in England summer clothes such as sandals, bikini sleeveless etc are also high in demand, so with this the prices tend to increase with the demand its dealing with. The external factor which change the planned behavior production, these factor must be strictly monitored stay competitive and important in business For any company to be able to participate in the business industry the external factor must be put into effect below are the list of external factors that change the behavior of planned production. Political Forces: these are governmental rules which govern business activities in the United Kingdom. We have various business rules and policies, which are: The law governing business, foreign policies, political stability all this rules and policies help to shaping productions with companies in the United Kingdom. Cultural Forces: this is the fundamental way people behave during production. Many companies in the I-J have started introducing this system into place because of the diverse culture here. That shows most company considers each individual. Economic Forces: this conceal of all the various forces which include economical impact of very business. This include supply, production, monetary policy etc. Al this form to make production a reality. Technological Environment: Technology has succeeded in bringing the world together, and thereby making the world a global village. In some ways technology has aided the restructuring of business positively, an instance is the online mode of selling goods, providing services to customers, and also the trade of ideas. Marks and Spencer in a good way is an example of a business organization that technology has made a huge impact on, more sales are being made online and he payments for these goods have also been made easier using the online mode. Social and Global Environment: Education, corporate and globalization which is the agreement between foreign nations, WTFO principles, and other treaties and convention are treaties of social factor Foreign nations have come together to make changes on the social factor of education 4. 1 . International trade is buying and selling of goods and rendering of services services across national borders. It is of vast importance not Just for a single country but all the countries because without international trade the economy of a country and enable to display their manufactures to display at international level. This has been very important in the continued existence of I-J businesses because the raw materials that are used to produce the final products are mainly imported from abroad. 4. 2. Impact of Global factors on Uk organization help in better business strategy, because it has created free trade among countries in the WTFO. Business are also affected by the external environment. World Trade Organization (WTFO). This is the organizational bodies that deal with rules that concern trade between nations. The major aim is to assist business and importers to attain their aim in conducting their business. Or example a company like Primary import clothing material from china, since the raw material is cheap and labor is quiet affordable to other most customer, there is totally no tariff or tax when Primary is trading within countries in the WTFO. Technological Factor. Technology is one the factor that help shape the economy since the world is speedily becoming a worldwide village, the social media has assist Marks and Spencer to promote their goods and services to the public and also sales are made online which sake sales faster. Economical Factor. The economical factor involves the change in worldwide economy. A rise in the standard of living will apply to the increase in demand of the product. With the current worldwide recession that hit the I-J, marks and Spencer has impacted in a negative way. Government Factor. The governments are always a factor because they make a law that controls the country. 4. 3. EX. Policy on Business. The impact of this policy on Primary is that to improve quality of Jobs, promote gender equality and pay the wage due across all employee and combat poverty and social exclusion. EX. Policy on Competition. This law ensures that there is free completion, rather than some cartels running the business and fixing price, the impact of this is that Primary can improve on their service and compete freely with other competitors. EX. Policy on agriculture (CAP). This law protects farmers by ensuring good standard of living. Provide stable and safe food products to its consumer, this is a very good impact on business because Primary will be relaxed because with this law it is sure its getting the standard raw material for the production of its finished products. EX. Policy on Science and Technology. Member of the EX. Have been encouraged to invest 3% of their in R by 2020. Which is estimated to create about 3. 7 million Jobs and increase GAP by nearly ‚800 billion, the impact of this will be since there is employment then there will be more money in circulation and the sales rate will increase as a result. EX. Policy on education. The EX. Shall contribute to the development of youths and the provision of quality education all across its members. The impact of this to UK business organization is that there will be more qualified work force to run business and make good financial returns at the end.

Free Essays on Aesthetics

Aesthetics: Playing a Big Role In today’s American society, aesthetics is the main topic on every graphic designers mind. The dictionary defines it as â€Å"Of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste†, or â€Å"A guiding principle in matters of artistic beauty and taste†. Aesthetics is remaking commerce, culture, and consciousness according to Virginia Postrel, an economics columnist for the New York Times. She writes that biologically humans are visual, tactile beings that respond to our environment. Also, she discusses how we are now creating a society of aesthetics with â€Å"plenitude and pluralism†, only because of the reasons like travel, education, immigration, and media. Her whole big point on aesthetics is that she states, â€Å"People are eager to pay Starbucks for more than coffee – for a sensory environment that pleases more than just their palates†. She is basically saying that Demand does create supply, but actually supply can also create dema nd. Postrel also goes on to talk about the breakdown of â€Å"cultural homogeneity† in the 60s, and how now it is helping aesthetics by the rising incomes and falling prices of today’s market world. She states that household income has increased and families have gotten smaller, which makes more for income with further spending room. In economics, the information that we have does not say that aesthetics help with the quality of life, but that we are overstressing inflation and thinking about the economy’s real output of value. Postrel sums it up best with, â€Å"Aesthetics, shows rather than tells, delights rather that instructs. The effects are immediate, perceptual and emotional. They are not cognitive, although we may analyze them after the fact.† She goes on to talk about how Aesthetics is a way of identity, including aesthetic identity. Choice and desire, is what I believe makes it all happen. Aesthetics can change a lot of things in our life, and it coul... Free Essays on Aesthetics Free Essays on Aesthetics Aesthetics: Playing a Big Role In today’s American society, aesthetics is the main topic on every graphic designers mind. The dictionary defines it as â€Å"Of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste†, or â€Å"A guiding principle in matters of artistic beauty and taste†. Aesthetics is remaking commerce, culture, and consciousness according to Virginia Postrel, an economics columnist for the New York Times. She writes that biologically humans are visual, tactile beings that respond to our environment. Also, she discusses how we are now creating a society of aesthetics with â€Å"plenitude and pluralism†, only because of the reasons like travel, education, immigration, and media. Her whole big point on aesthetics is that she states, â€Å"People are eager to pay Starbucks for more than coffee – for a sensory environment that pleases more than just their palates†. She is basically saying that Demand does create supply, but actually supply can also create dem and. Postrel also goes on to talk about the breakdown of â€Å"cultural homogeneity† in the 60s, and how now it is helping aesthetics by the rising incomes and falling prices of today’s market world. She states that household income has increased and families have gotten smaller, which makes more for income with further spending room. In economics, the information that we have does not say that aesthetics help with the quality of life, but that we are overstressing inflation and thinking about the economy’s real output of value. Postrel sums it up best with, â€Å"Aesthetics, shows rather than tells, delights rather that instructs. The effects are immediate, perceptual and emotional. They are not cognitive, although we may analyze them after the fact.† She goes on to talk about how Aesthetics is a way of identity, including aesthetic identity. Choice and desire, is what I believe makes it all happen. Aesthetics can change a lot of things in our life, an d it coul...

E-Business and Value Chains Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

E-Business and Value Chains - Essay Example Thus, according to Post & Anderson (2003), e-business is a general term that encompasses business that is done using electronic means and it is increasingly being regarded as a valuable tool for organisations in conducting their business during the contemporary period. As such, this report seeks to critically analyse the extent to which the internet has impacted on the operations of PC World Business through implementation of e-business strategy such as e-marketing. The report focuses on impacts of e-marketing on PC World Business and attempts to address the following issues: 1. How has the organisation’s business changed with the development of the internet? 2. What new opportunities have been there for the organisation to create additional customer value? 3. Assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the organisation’s current use of ICT tools to support the organisations overall business offering. 4. Suggestions about e-business strategy improvements and alternative ICT tools which could be used to create greater customer value or to help differentiate the organisation from competitors. 1.0 Changes made by the internet to PC World Business According to its official website, (http://www.pcwb.co.uk/, ND) PC World Business was founded in 1991 and it is a computer organisation which is based in the UK and it deals with selling different types of PCs including notebooks, laptops, printers and desktops. The organisation offers a lot of products that are related to information and communication and the use of the internet has significantly contributed to its performance as going to be discussed below. The internet has immensely contributed to the way PC World Business collects, stores and processes information which has significantly impacted on its e-commerce activities. The internet has greatly improved employee performance as well as the company’s marketing strategies used to reach the customers. Through the use of the internet, it can be noted that the customers now have the ability to evaluate products offered while marketers on the other hand are also aware of the impact of new information and communication technology on the way they carry out their business (Robinson, 1997). The internet therefore has a dual impact which is beneficial to both the customers and the organisation. The use of the internet at PC World Business has greatly improved the performance of the employees and the organisation as a whole. Research has shown that that the sales for PC World in 2004/5 were ?1,695 million but they have increased to more than ?2, 000 in 2008 owing to developments in their e-marketing strategies (http://www.pcworld.com/, N.D). Information gathering about the customers has been made relatively easy and it can be processed at a faster speed in order to meet their needs and this is regarded as a basic tenet of marketing. Traditionally, the organisation has been conducting its business using postal services to do all business but due to technological advancements especially as a result of the advent of the internet, it is now possible to conduct any business online where customers can place their orders online at any given time and it is possible to access feedback for 24 hours a day. The organisation now uses a specially designed website which enables the marketers to interact directly with the customers given that a two way communication channel is enhanced and it is also easy to get feedback from the customers. The internet has made it possible for the marketers to obtain first hand information from the customers about their needs hence it

Hannebachite- a rare and important Sulphite Term Paper

Hannebachite- a rare and important Sulphite - Term Paper Example In fact Hannebachite among the two most important naturally occurring sulfites, the other being Orschallite (Ca3(SO3)2(SO4).12H2O). Hannebachite, Orschallite, scotlandite (PbSO3) and gravegliaite are rare sulphite minerals that come under the class of Sulphites. The name â€Å"hannebachite† has been derived from the place it was first discovered in i.e.at Hannerbacherly, near Hannebach, West Germany. Sulfite groups have the generalized formula Am[SO3]pZq ·xH2O and AmBn[SO3]pZq ·xH2O, where A and B both are cations and Z represent anion. The most commonly occurring cations groups binding includes Na+, K+, Cu2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Ca2+, Pb2+, and Ba2+. The molecular arrangement of sulphite is such that the sulfur molecule is at the apex of the pyramid thereby making sulfites really unstable. This is the reason why sulphite minerals are rarely found in nature. Hannebachite is an important component of fixated scrubber sludge. The structure of Hannebachite has several applications an d forms the basis of further investigation since the applications of the mineral are yet to be determined and hence immense scope of research lies in this area. Introduction Hannebachite received its IMA status in 1983 following which the first ever publication on it was produced by G.Hentschel, E.Tillmanns and W. Hofmeister in 1985; however, the first person to detect the presence of this mineral was P.Orschall who was also the discoverer of Orschallite mineral. He found these minerals in a place named Hannerbacherly in West Germany. In nature Hannebachite is mostly found along with another sulfite mineral called Orschallite. Other minerals found in the porous cavities of quaternary melilite nepheline leucitite are clinopyroxene, apatite and phillipsite COMPOSITION The mineral –hannebachite, gained importance owing to commercial research on sulfite rich scrubber materials. Studies have shown that sulfite rich scrubber material extracted from power plants were rich in Hanneba chite crystallites (Malhotra,2010). In nature Hannebachite is found as sharp, almost clear crystalline structure. The composition of the mineral is SO2 49.60%,CaO 43.42%, H2O 6.98% which corresponds to its molecular formula (Anthony et al,2000).Sulfites in nature are highly unstable owing to the pyramidal structure where the sulfur is seen at the apex while the oxygen sits on the other corners of the arrangement; thereby these unstable products change into sulfates. However, CaSO4.0.5H2O can substitute into the CaSO3.0.5H2O structure up to a mole fraction of at least 0.12 (Jones et al., 1977). Structure of Hannebachite It is already known that the chemical composition of the mineral includes carbon, hydrogen sulfur and oxygen. The molecular weight is about 258.30gm. Hannebachite is orthorhombic. Its space group is Pbna (2m/2m/2m). Extensive studies have been done to determine the exact structure of the mineral. Powder diffraction was conducted to calculate the single crystal profile (figure 3). The optical class of the mineral was seen to be biaxial. It was recorded that a= 6.46A, b= 7.765A and c=10.650A which means that in the orthorhombic crystal system of hannebachite alpha=90 °, beta= 90 ° and gamma=90 °. The J-mol structure gives a clear interpretation of this structure (Figure:3). Spectroscopic studies conducted brought forward a clear idea of the bonding between the atoms present (Figure 1). The structure of hannebachite mineral was studied through Raman Spectroscopy by Frost and Keefe. The sample for hannebachite was supplied by Mineralogical Research Company who sourced in from the Hannebacher Ley volcano in Germany. The bands are observed at

Role of the Human Resources manager in an organization Essay Example for Free

Role of the Human Resources manager in an organization Essay Executive Summary This report is the result from an informational interview with a professional of Human resources management with a minimum of five years experience in the field. An informational interview is an interview which allows a student or career changer to ask questions to someone working in the field he/she is interested in. The purpose of this informational interview was to gather more information regarding Human Resources Management, the experience of the interviewee and the company under which the interviewee is working for. Jennifer Horne is HR manager generalist, and the interviewee. She is the HR manager of Krug Inc and she has been doing the HR job for six years already. This informational interview was an opportunity for me to improve my communication skills with a professional; to know how people in this field are doing and gain knowledge that I will help in my resume. It was also an opportunity to know some of the challenges encountered by the HR department within an organization example keeping the employee engaged and motivated. Moreover, the informational interview helped me to have a better understanding of the future of the HR; and also know more about Krug Inc which is one of the Canada’s largest manufacturing company. Introduction An Informational Interview is a meeting in which a job seeker asks for career and industry advice rather than employment. The job seeker uses the interview to gather information on the field, and to find employment leads and expand their professional network. The informational interview was held on March 27, 2014 at Krug Inc Manitou drive Kitchener. It was a face to face interview. The interview lasted for 15 minutes. This is because the interviewee was so busy. However these few minutes were useful because I succeeded to have some important information concerning the HR and the ways to get experience in the HR field. During this interview the interviewee answered all the questions that I asked her in a professional manner. Her answers were reflecting her experience in the job. She was feeling very comfortable and confident. I learned more about the contribution of the HR department in the achievement of the company’s mission and goals. Opening paragraph Jennifer Horne is the HR manager of Krug Inc. She is HR manager generalist. She has a HR certificate. From the time she was doing her certification the degree was not required. The degree was required from 2011. Jennifer’s first job was in 2005 as administrator of human resources; then she got a couple of contracts in small companies and then she got this one. Through these jobs she developed a good personality and experience. The experience she had with small companies helped her to get this job at Krug. According to Jennifer Horne, there are some aspects of HR that are not taught in school but she learned through experience for example how to counsel the employee. When an employee comes to her, she shuts down everything and hears about the employee’s concerns because employees are her priority. As advice for the new comers in the HR field, Jennifer says that we should not look only for high positions because we do not have experience. She suggested to newcomers to start with short work opportunities (3-6 months). Additionally, she said that we, new comers, should consider jobs which are proportional to our skills but not above because if we want jobs which are above our skills we won’t get them. In others words, we should start by the entry level position. Hartman Krug was a cabinetmaker of Germany heritage. He founded Krug Inc in 1880. He started his business in Berlin and Kitchener. He was producing upholstered office chairs and carved residential furniture. Krug‘s attention to detail and quality was the force behind its popularity within Canada. Krug goal is to create an elegant and lasting product. In 1930’s, krug was producing office and contract chairs and tables exclusively, and in the war years of 1939 to 1945, virtually all the company’s production was for the Canadian government’s war effort. In the post-war boom period, Krug’s output grew rapidly to supply a market in during which office furniture was in high demand. The implementation of new equipment and procedures were required for Krug‘s entrance into the U.S market mid 1970’s. As a result Krug entered into the desk market, and purchased imperial furniture of Stratford, Ontario in 1980. Krug immediately moved its large lumber and kiln-drying line there, while continuing production at the Ahrens street plant. In 1984, Krug purchased a large building on Manitou Drive in Kitchener and immediately relocated its warehousing and distribution operations to the new facility. A large veneer operation was put in place, and over the next few years the Manitou plant became one of the premier  manufacturing facilities of desks in North America. Today Krug is one of the fastest growing companies in the office furniture industry. Fueled by product development and plant expansions, Krug has enjoyed double- digit growth each of the past four years. Additionally, Krug’s showrooms and outstanding team sales representatives across the United States and Canada have achieved sales of almost 100 million dollars. â€Å"This is a very exciting time for Krug,† says Len Ruby, Krug president. With 125 years of rich heritage we continue to grow by leveraging today’s technology, with Hartman Krug’s vision for detailed craftsmanship.† . Located in the heartland of southern Ontario, Canada, we employ over 500 non-unionized staff members . The human resources department of Krug Inc does not have the entry level position. The branch of Kitchener Manitou has one HR manager generalist and one HR manager specialist who controls the generalist. Krug is a vertically-integrated manufacturer, taking raw materials through state-of-the-art processes to finished products, and delivering them directly to its customers. The customers of Krug include many of North America’s growing companies and its products are specified by designers, architects and major distributors across the continent and beyond. The different products of Krug include private office casegoods, conference tables and meeting room furnishings, and a wide range of office and hospitality seating and tables. Krug encounters many challenges. First of all, the rapid appreciation in the value of the Canadian dollar is the first challenge. Krug and other companies of the same sector are highly exposed to the international trade; and the export prices are fixed in US. The second challenge is the increasing of energy costs. Energy intensive manufacturing industries make up approximately 29% of Canada’s manufacturing gross domestic product and the companies of the energy sector have considerably increased the price of the energy cost. The third challenge is the competition from emerging economies. The Canadian manufacturing sector is impacted by the global competition especially the one from china. The manufacturing sector is facing low cost and high value competition from other emerging economies like India. These emerging economies have a great labor force that is qualified and not expensive. The fourth challenge is the availability of skilled labor. There is a lack of skilled and experience  workforce in Canada. This is because the major part of the Canadian population is baby boomers: The populations is aging and close to the retirement. However, there is a high demand of skills labor in the face of advanced technologies and the â€Å"knowledge based economy. The last challenge is the regulatory environment. The Canadian government wants Canada to become one of the best countries with a small pollution footprint. For this reason, all companies in Canada have to follow the regulations. The protection of the environment is one of Krug’s missions, but the regulations from the government are a little bit difficult and are considered a burden to the company. The HR at Krug has a great influence on the organization because it contributes to the company development by hiring potential employees who can fit to the organization culture. The HR train and develop the new and current employees. The HR department also assists employees through counseling. The HR department coordinates the health and safety program and the workplace safety and insurance board (WSIB). The HR department and the safety staff strive to have a zero lost accidents and continually train the employees to the health and safety purposes. To ensure this, the senior management and the HR department constantly review performance, ensuring that both joint health and safety committees are operating effectively. They promote employees in order to motivate them and make them more engaged. The HR helps the payroll department to calculate the employees’ compensation. They make sure the employees are paid proportionally to their performance and productivity. They also ensure that the work force is diverse and contains all the four designated groups: women, people with disability, minority group and aboriginal. The HR department maintains the pay equity in accordance to the regulations. The HR department is facing a lot of challenges; the biggest challenge encountered by the HR department of Krug Inc is keeping the employees engaged in order to always be productive. The economical situation had an impact on the company and the benefits package of the employees have reduced. This economical situation has made the situation worse for the department. Another challenge is finding the right fit for the organization. The right fit is the candidate who is able to identify himself/herself as a member of the organization and accept the culture of  the organization. Furthermore, the HR manager handles employees’ conflicts. Such conflicts make the employee less productive and encourage job dissatisfaction. To keep the employees engaged the organization has to motivate through rewards and by involving them in the decision making process. The reward is a way for the organization to show their recognition of the employees’ performance and contribution to the succe ss of the company. The reward is a kind of feedback given by the organization which pushes the employees to put in more effort. Get the employees involved in the decision making may be a good way for the organization to always take the right decision because the managers may not have all the information they need to make the decision. Moreover, the involvement of the employees makes them more committed to the decision taken and engaged to carry out the decision. The implication of the employees in the decision making process increases the employee motivation and performance and by the way the productivity of the organization also increases. This informational interview has been a great experience for me because it helps me to know more about the duties of HR and now I actually know what is expected of me in the HR. Primarily, I learned that the HR generalist job required a lot of emotional intelligence (EI) because the manager has to deal with emotions and feelings of employees. The EI helps the manager to understand the needs and feelings of the employees and it also leads to a stronger and more fulfilling t he employees’ satisfaction. The EI helps the manager to resolve workplace conflicts. With EI helps the manager understands what motivate (drivers) the employees. The EI gives the manager the potential to use the diversity of the team to increase the productivity of the each employee in the team. The second major point that I have learned is that the job of HR generalist requires the manager to be more flexible. The flexibility here refers to the ability of the manager to respond to the needs of employees anytime that is necessary and to move easily from one task to another. The generalist does all the responsibilities of the HR department by herself. Therefore, the manager has to be available to hear about the concerns of the employees anytime. The third major point that I learned is that the HR generalist has to be able to work under pressure. The pressure here is caused by the fact that the manager has a lot of responsibilities that are time framed. The HR generalist does all the responsibilities of HR  department for example are hire, train and develop employees , assist the payroll department, responsible for the WSIB and health safety and all others responsibilities. Thus, the manager has to be able to work under the high pressure. These three elements mentioned above are considered as the major points that I have learned because they reflect the real role of the HR manager within an organization, they help me to better understand the HR field. These majors points help me to know where I have to work more if I want to become a good HR manager. The interviewee was a generalist and I do not really appreciate the role of generalist because they touch everything concerning HR but they do not do it deeply. The HR generalist job is more stressful especially in a company like Krug that do not hire for an entry level position. This makes the situation more stressful. I want to know deeply everything concerning the HR field because if I know a lot about the HR job it will not be stressful anymore. I want to be a HR specialist not a generalist. Moreover, the other thing I would like to do differently is the interview process. This was my first time and I was not really acting like a professional. The next time I will ask more questions to the interviewee and act like a professional. However, what I hope to do the same concerning the HR job is to develop an emotional intelligence so that I will be able to manage effectively the emotions and feelings of employees. Conclusion To sum up, the informational interview was a great experience for me because I learned a lot about the HR job, the interviewee and Krug Inc. this interview was an opportunity for me to start building my network and make my resume more interesting. It was a little bit stressful but I succeeded to collect the most important information I needed this is how to get experience in the HR field. For my next informational interview, I think I will be more professional than this first one. Few days after the interview, I sent a thank you carte to the interviewee to thank her for her time and all the information she gave to me. This was a step forward experience.

Alaina, A Career Counseling Study Essay -- Career Counseling Case Stud

Issues and Problem Focus The key problems and needs which Aliana should address is why the other careers she choose before have not made her happy. She has tired her hand at English and Education in her past careers. I would question why she chose these careers to begin with. I would also explore why she has never used her minor in Journalism in her career and if she would like to put effort into that career path. In using the O*NET Interest Profiler we can explore why she might have chosen these careers and what careers she should really explore based on her scores. Alaina has chronic depression which can affect how she feels from day to day. Her medication helps keep her moods stable, but she is not able to have real joy about anything. This can affect how she views in occupations and how she performs in that job. This can also affect the counseling relationship in the way that the counselor will have a difficult time trying to gauge if she likes the career choices that have been chosen and if the counselor is going in the right direction for this client. Her mood disorder can crate career indecision that makes her unable to commit to a specific career. To address the career indecision she is feeling I will be â€Å"using techniques common to career development and life-planning interventions such as facilitating the discovery of skills, interests, abilities, and values and teaching the client goal setting, world- of work information, and, again, decision making skills† (Capuzzi & Stauffer, 2012, P.408), In using the O*NET Interest Pr ofiler we can gain information that can sooth of that indecisiveness by showing her careers she could like based on what she likes and has knowledge of. Her chronic depression could limit the typ... ...e her obstacles, feelings, and influence in her career selection. In doing so I can see her scores and how they are used on a profile sheet in career adaption. I would present these results to the client to show how she adapts to a career and how this influences her selections. Works Cited Capuzzi, D., & Stauffer, M. D. (2012). Career counseling: Foundations, perspectives, and applications. (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education Maze, M. (2010, March 01). ACA advocacy competencies: A social justice framework for counselors Career Convergence Magazine, Retrieved on April 5th, 2014, from http://www.ncda.org/aws/NCDA/pt/sd/news_article/27983/_PARENT/layout_details_cc/false Patton, M. (2002). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods.(3rd ed).Thousand Oaks, Califorinia : Sage Publications, Inc . Retrieved on May 10th, 2014, From http://books.google.com

Lost City of Z

Non-Fiction Literature Circle by Aidan Morrow Author: explained in presentation Audience: This book was written for an older audience of anyone who would love a good tale of adventure. This is because of the novel’s length and due to the fact of the death and sadness that finds its self in this book. Argument: A cautionary tale about over reaching ones personal limits, very much like the story of Icarus. Evidence: The evidence of the books truths are strewn upon the last 80 pages of the book.This novel has an extensive bibliography on many important facts in this novel. What’s left out: The rubber boom should have been explained more. It was the reason for most of the Indians death and would have played a part of the background story of the Indians. Most compelling quote: â€Å"Starvation sounds almost unbelievable in forest country, and yet it is only too likely to happen. – Percy Harrison Fawcett† Implications of your learning: Now after hearing this sto ry of Percy I care about finding him and the lost city of El Dorado (lost city of Z).With modern medicine and modern technology there must be a way to solve all the unanswered questions left by this book. Connections to other readings: One of the main connections to other readings I found was the story of Icarus. Icarus's father Daedalus, a talented and remarkable Athenian craftsman. Daedalus fashioned two pairs of wings out of wax and feathers for himself and his son. Daedalus tried his wings first, but before taking off from the island, warned his son not to fly too close to the sun, nor too close to the sea, but to follow his path of flight.Overcome by the giddiness that flying lent him, Icarus soared through the sky curiously, but in the process he came too close to the sun, which melted the wax. Icarus kept flapping his wings but soon realized that he had no feathers left and that he was only flapping his bare arms, and so Icarus fell into the sea in the area which today bears his name, the Icarian Sea near Icaria, an island southwest of Samos. A question for discussion: Do you believe that Percy could have found the lost city if he had Alexander Rice Jr. ’s funds for his exhibition?

The EU Trade policy aims to develop both multilateral liberalization..

Introduction It is frequently said that the European Union ( E.U. ) is â€Å" an economic giant but a political midget † . If the 2nd statement seems controversial, the first 1 is verified. Indeed, the E.U. is a major trading power as it is the universe ‘s largest exporter ( 16.2 % of planetary exports[ 1 ]) and importer of goods and services, accounting for a fifth of universe trade[ 2 ]. The European Union has been developing its internal market since 1993 and the â€Å" Individual Market Program † . Following the rules of the GATT/WTO[ 3 ], which is â€Å" an organisation for liberalising trade †[ 4 ]as it is written on the web site, the E.U. has borrowed a broad rhetoric based on the aim of liberalisation. Associated with the neoclassical economic theory, the European liberalisation could be defined as an â€Å" unfastened market with free competition † ( art. 119 Lisbon Treaty ) , without obstructions or barriers to merchandise. Article 206 of the Lisbon Treaty underlines the importance of the part of the EU to the â€Å" development of universe trade † and to â€Å" the progressive abolishment of limitations on international trade † . The EU Trade policy, as a tool of entree to the liberalisation, is pursued by the Common Commercial Policy ( CCP ) , which has been a portion of the community competencies since the Treaty of Rome. The implicit in thought is that liberalisation of trade has brought and will convey economic benefits and growing[ 5 ], which is the first measure to a public assistance system and a peaceable society. The EU Trade policy aims to develop both many-sided liberalisation and regional integrating. The OECD defines the EU trade policy as: â€Å" Partially by necessity, partially by design, the EU ‘s trade policy has been ‘walking on two legs ‘ since its early yearss: many-sided liberalization and regional integrating. †[ 6 ]The Lisbon Treaty considered that the CCP â€Å" shall be conducted in the context of the rules and aims of the Union ‘s external action † . Therefore, the external dimension of the EU trade has effects on the SM as the internal policy interplays with advancement in the SM. Presents, the E.U has become an attractive economic pole of about 500 million consumers, developing intra-EU and extra-EU exchanges. However, this attraction, this â€Å" magnet † consequence ( S. McGuire ) , has provoked a defensive reaction from the Member States ( MS ) , fueling the demand to protect the SM from external competition.[ 7 ]The analogue of openness seems to be the containment of external menaces which can destabilise the SM and the whole European economic system. Many physical or administrative barriers still remain and the EU has even created new barriers as proficient 1s, linked to the alleged European values. If the EU is non a complete â€Å" fortress † , these obstructions are harmful and lead to circumvent universe trade understandings. In such a instance, the dealingss between Trade Policy and the liberalisation of the SM are neither systematic nor drone. Sensitive goods: Would all sectors be wholly liberalized? Duties and non-tariffs barriers to merchandise. The EU remains stigmatized for utilizing protectionist mechanisms for sectors such as agricultural merchandises and fabric and vesture. The EU is a chief user of subsidies, anti-dumping steps and voluntary export restraints ( VER ) in order to protect the alleged â€Å" sensitive sectors † which still remain a beginning of tenseness between WTO members. Indeed, the external dimension of the EU Trade policy convergences with the internal Common Agricultural Policy ( CAP ) . The CAP has been created in order to protect the internal European agricultural market, curtailing the market entree to EU trade spouses and lessening exports[ 8 ]. This policy was applied in the model defined by the Uruguay Round which created specific regulations for agricultural-food merchandises and textiles-clothing, leting high duties on some merchandises. Even if these regulations have been weakened by farther WTO statute law, the EU still applies a assortment of techniques. Price support and export subsidies Export subsidies have became the chief instrument of domestic monetary value support in Europe. The sugar sector is one of the most conclusive illustration, being a major receiver of subsidies. To call a few, Tereos Group ( France ) , Azucarera Ebro ( Spain ) , Krajowa Spolka Cukrowa ( Poland ) received severally about a‚ ¬178 million, a‚ ¬119.4 and a‚ ¬135 million in aid in 2009[ 9 ]. 1.5 billion per twelvemonth is spent on subsidizing sugar sector, as a monetary value of 632 euros per metric ton can be guaranteed to manufacturers[ 10 ]. It makes two times the universe monetary value. The EU is one of the important universe ‘s exporter of sugar Beta vulgaris ( EU was the first exporter before CAP reform[ 11 ]) even though its production cost is higher than in Brazil or Thailand. Besides, tariff barriers are still imposed on cane-sugar exporters. Harmonizing to this trade policy, 3rd states have a really restrictive entree to the EU market entree. Brazil , Thailand and Australia succeeded in conveying the instance to the WTO difference colony. WTO assessed that EU sugar exports were â€Å" up to four times more subsidies each twelvemonth than allowed under WTO understandings †[ 12 ], conflicting with the WTO agreemement on subsidies and offseting step ( SCM ) . To this extent, EU trade policy was regarded as protectionist, safeguarding the internal market from third-countries exportations. From the external dimension of the individual market, the chief end of liberalisation was non reached. On the other manus, internal integrating suffered trade recreation. These types of ordinances have created biaised competition and have merely permitted to large manufacturers who are capable of run intoing high criterions to come in the market, ensuing in a really restricted liberalisation[ 13 ]. Voluntary export limitations ( VER ) Export subsidies can be associated with voluntary export limitations. VER have been outlawed harmonizing to WTO regulations. However, it remains a tool of EU trade policy, utilizing as a barrier against the flow of Chinese fabric imports for illustration. VER are quantitative limitation as the celebrated illustration is the understanding for restriction of Chinese fabrics measure authorised on the EU market. China â€Å" voluntary † accepted to curtail its imports assisting EU industries to confront competition. Even if import quotas ended in December 2008 with the Multiple Fibre Arrangement ( MFA ) taking to farther liberalisation, VER are still used protectionist tools. Anti-dumping steps Harmonizing to the WTO web site, dumping â€Å" occurs when goods are exported at a monetary value less than their normal value, by and large intending they are exported for less than they are sold in the domestic market or third-country markets, or at less than production cost †[ 14 ]. Article 6 of GATT/WTO allows state to develop anti-dumping responsibilities ( ADD ) if unjust competition consequences from. But the EU circumvents the WTO model, utilizing arbitraly just trade regulations. The European Union uses the â€Å" Community involvement † to warrant the infliction of ADD which can last up to five old ages[ 15 ]. However, voices have risen against a protection maltreatment of these policies. The EU initiated 287 anti-dumping instances in ten old ages, between 1998 and 2008[ 16 ]. Harmonizing to L. Davis, â€Å" 59 % of instances have involved Asiatic exports, 22 % from China entirely † , particularly because of the higher competition in chemical and metal sector increasing with the development of Asiatic economic systems[ 17 ]. China is now the biggest manufacturer of washers and bolts and this led to enforce anti-dumping on its imports: for case, duties for steel and Fe fasteners are risen from 26.5 % to 85 % , as we can see on the pie chart below[ 18 ]. The developpment of anti-dumping instances underlines the â€Å" subsitution consequence † from duties to non-tarrifs barriers[ 19 ]. The rhetoric of liberalisation fells an implicit in protectionism. Beginning: L.Davis, â€Å" Ten old ages of anti-dumping in the EU: economic and political targeting † , Ecipe working paper, No. 02/2009. The policies applied to these sensitive sectors exemplifie what Professor M. Monti called â€Å" the ambivalent feeling ( of the EU ) about the external dimension of its individual market †[ 20 ]. Surely, harmonizing to B.-T. Hanson, it can be possible to liberalise the internal market associated with external protectionism. However, the chief end of EU trade policy is defined as liberalisation of the universe ‘s market. This contradiction between theory and facts is underlined by the indispensable controversial nature of the nexus between liberalising external trade policy and making a individual market for 27 states[ 21 ]. If what is frequently called â€Å" the Fortress Europe † does non be, inclinations to protectionism are still important in specifying EU trade policy. The statement of Pearce, Sutton and Batchelor in 1985 remains relevant: â€Å" Even if the European economic systems revive, and there is no rush in protectionism elsewhere in the universe, de ficiency of international fight will go on to bring forth force per unit area to protect some sectors in some or all member provinces. The disposition if authoritiess to give to these force per unit areas will likely non alter much †[ 22 ]. Then, if a weak nexus between EU trade policy and individual market liberalisation can be found, the part of EU trade policy to the liberalisation of the SM is non obvious and even seems an obstruction to farther external liberalisation. Discriminatory Trade Agreement The Union supports trade liberalisation through many-sided dialogues within the GATT/WTO, which are based on rule of non-discrimination. Beyond WTO model, the EU has signed legion bilateral understandings with states and regional organisations based on article 24 GATT. For illustration, the EU is presently negociating a Free Trade Area ( FTA ) understanding with ASEAN. EU creates its ain pyramid of penchants that divide its â€Å" trading spouses into friends, lesser friends and enemies †[ 23 ]. These understandings create different degrees of trade liberalisation. It can be deep integrating as it is established in Europe ( EEC ) or free trade understandings as with Mediterranean states. The EU has besides signed partnership understandings with many African, Caribbean and Pacific ( ACP ) states or has established Generalized System of duty Preferences for the poorest countries. â€Å"[ 24 ] In general they are called Preferential Trade Agreements ( PTA ) and can be defined as â€Å" a assortment of agreements that favour member parties over non-members by widening duty and other non-tariff penchants † .[ 25 ]Being of such discriminatory intervention can menace the liberalisation of planetary trade by doing trade recreation. Trade recreation exists because states within trading axis will instead merchandise between them even if the states outside the axis would hold a natural comparative advantage.[ 26 ]The most known instance of favoring the regional penchants was the Banana instance when the ACP states have enjoyed discriminatory entree to the EU market even if the manufacturers from Latin America were the cheapest. This caused a excess loss in economic footings. The SM undergoes external factors that limited complete liberalisation. However, the complex system of discriminatory trade policy does non ever have the lone position of trade liberalisation. As for illustration, under economic grounds are frequently concealed political 1s: protections of human rights or labor criterions travel beyond the pure trade issues[ 27 ]. These understandings are frequently asymmetric, between powerful EU and the development states, which is in a weaker economic and political place and can non truly enforce its demands. Trade policy can be seen as a tool of advancing development and assistance to hapless states as in the instance of ACP-EU Partnership understanding: â€Å" Everything but Arms † plan. The last 1 is a good illustration of understanding which in the name of â€Å" trade penchants is allowing zero-tariff entree to EU ‘s market for all merchandises from these states, except weaponries and weaponries, but in world the most competitory goods from these states as bananas or sugar are excluded from the trad e. †[ 28 ]The understandings of this type do non advance the benefits of farther liberalization to developing states, but are protecting their ain involvements.[ 29 ] The last controversial points about application of common commercial policy are non-trade values used by EU to protect internal market. EU values such as wellness, labor criterions, environment, rural development or cultural diverseness are grounds of curtailing the imports from other states.[ 30 ]We can mention to the prohibition on importing of meat from USA that is known to be treated with endocrines. EU argues that there are possible wellness hazards linked to immune system harm in kids.[ 31 ]Refering this issue we need to emphasize the importance of precautional rule which is defined by the Commission as â€Å" the precautional rule applies where scientific grounds is deficient, inconclusive or unsure and preliminary scientific rating indicates that there are sensible evidences for concern that the potentially unsafe effects on the environment, homo, animate being or works wellness may be inconsistent with the high degree of protection chosen by the EU † .[ 32 ]By utilizi ng this rule EU can curtail the importing of goods from its trading spouses on the footing of protection of consumers. Labour criterions and environmental protection are frequently used to condition the decision of bilateral or regional understandings. A «A The EU is steadfastly committed to advancing core labour criterions and nice work for all in its trade policy, and routinely includes cooperation enterprises and inducements to better working conditions in the trade understandings it negotiates.[ 33 ]A A » Servicess Servicess became a topic of international dialogues merely on the Uruguay Round ( 1986-1994 ) and resulted in the sign language of General Agreement on Trade in Services ( GATS ) . Members committed themselves to avoid any favoritism in the application of its criterions or standards for the mandate, licensing or enfranchisement of services providers and to non curtail trade in services[ 34 ]. Despite this declaration, â€Å" the liberalisation of services is still in its babyhood †[ 35 ]. Covering more than 70 % of EU ‘s GDP[ 36 ], services are instead secondary in its trade forms. Merely 20 % of services, produced in 27 Member States, are provided abroad ( including intra-trade )[ 37 ]. Szymon Bielecki, Sylvie Gori. EU27 international trade in services declined in 2009 following the oncoming of the planetary fiscal crisis. Eurostat Statistics in focal point. 37/2010, p. 4. Service liberalisation is non achieved even on the internal degree of the EU. Monopolies still exist in European states. For illustration, each national railroad company tends to continue dominant place on domestic market. It leads to tensenesss and competitory disadvantages for other possible providers, e.g. such a instance has late occurred between SNCF and DB for the entree to the Gallic web[ 38 ]. Regardless the acceptance of â€Å" Service Directive †[ 39 ], which aimed to advance the freedom to set up a concern in another MS and the freedom to supply services in other MS, the state of affairs with liberalisation of EU Trade in services did non alter significantly. This directive does non merely have considerable spreads in ordinance of legion services, but besides does non concern 3rd states[ 40 ]. The EU for good feels the deficiency of the cohesive trade policy in services. A divided service market is damaging for an economic system largely knowledge-based and service oriented. We should besides take into history the mutuality of services and thenceforth the negative knock-on consequence of barriers[ 41 ]. Technical barriers EU Trade Policy is closely related with other policies, which besides contribute to farther limitations. For case, the protection of the Intellectual Property Rights implies that both trading parties respect and protect rational rights. It resulted in the toughening of EU Customs ordinances[ 42 ]and in a creative activity of a list of precedence states in which state of affairs with IPR protection seems â€Å" the most damaging to EU fight †[ 43 ]. Other barriers are tax-related. The EU has a extremely disconnected revenue enhancement landscape that creates the loopholes for the dual revenue enhancement or revenue enhancement favoritism of consumers and companies. Another instance is the cross-border e-commerce, limited due to the differences in consumer protection regulations, regulations on VAT, recycling fees and levies[ 44 ]. The most dearly-won and hard to get the better of are administrative limitations. Harmonizing to EU jurisprudence a service â€Å" supplier † should hold its registered office, cardinal disposal or chief topographic point of concern within the Community[ 45 ], which about automatically extinguish any foreign provider from the domestic market. It prevents states or companies from â€Å" spread outing their end products in sectors where they have a comparative advantage †[ 46 ]. SMEs ( â€Å" the anchor of the European economic system †[ 47 ]) find themselves in even worse state of affairs than the large companies. The proportion between the antecedently mentioned costs and their size is so immense, that they can non every bit compete with domestic providers and will likely decline to supply cross-border services. â€Å" Now merely 8 % of SMEs are engaged in cross-border trade and merely 5 % have set up subordinates or joint ventures abroad †[ 48 ]. Harmoniz ing to the study, the most of import barriers for SMEs met in exporting are, to call a few, the establishing of a commercial presence abroad ( 16 % of all respondents ) , the deficiency of international criterions for services ( 14 % ) , revenue enhancement issues ( 10 % )[ 49 ]. These limitations have multiple negative effects. They cut down competition between domestic and foreign providers that cause higher monetary values and lower pick for consumers. There are still â€Å" losing links † or â€Å" constrictions † in the Single Market, which exists in theory, but, in world, it is constrained by multiple barriers and regulative obstructions[ 50 ]. Decision Despite the declared EU Single Market ends for the hereafter, such as â€Å" openness to planetary trade and investing † , â€Å" rejection of protectionism † , â€Å" the remotion of behind-the-border obstructions † and â€Å" greater attending to the international dimension †[ 51 ]in fixing the new ordinances, in pattern EU states resemble the half-open doors. By and large they have a free entryway, but the breadth of the transition varies well depending on the EU ‘s â€Å" pyramid of penchants † . the EU is frequently accused of holding an ambivalent attitude towards the GATT/WTO. Simultaneously it actively supports trade liberalisation via Rounds and the edifice up of a universe trade jurisprudence, but refuse to thoroughly implement it. Homes bias + province ‘s different policies.

Education In France Example

Education In France Example Education In France – Book Report/Review Example Book Review: Education in France Book Review: Education in France France is the second largest country In Europe. It is also among the countries that enjoyed immense power and d influence in the past. In fact, one may argue that France had immense and continues to change the world. That is, in terms of culture and education more specifically. France is the fourth most populous nation. Over half of her population resides in cities. As result, France has a very high percentage literacy rate of up to 99%. Consequently, like other technologically developed countries, France’s rate of population growth has been slow especially after the second world (Gutek, 1993).The rate of farming activities has reduced even though agriculture is an important sector of the French economy. Moreover, the fact that about 33% of the land in France is arable under the country’s temperate climate. The land availability has led to a more urbanized France. Urbanization accompanies an increase in t echnological advancement. The advancement influences positively on the French education by mounting technological secondary schools as well as the vocational schools.The irony is that the French society is both customary and contemporary it is laissez-faire and at the same time conformist. In addition, it is religious and the same time secular. Regardless of these paradoxes, the French distinguish their country as a culturally unsurpassed leading light of the world culture. The impression that the French had a mission to civilize the world has had a profound influence on the French education. The phenomenon is evident through France’s activities in the eighteenth century. During this period, the French language rose to eminence of ousting Latin as the international diplomatic language (Gutek, 1993).The French were of the view that culture and common language gave them the French identity. Educationalists emphasized the responsibility of schools in broadcasting and upholding l anguage decorum, cultural tradition and preservation of the French identity. French system of education has seen to it that France thrives in its multicultural, multiethnic and multiracial character. France as a nation assumes the responsibility for service delivery in the education system since the creation of modern revolution. Policy makers within the state recognize the need to modernize education and make it influence the economy positively.ReferencesGutek, G. L. (1993). American education in a global society: Internationalizing teacher education. New York u.a: Longman.

Thurgood Marshall

Thurgood Marshall Overview When Thurgood Marshall retired from the U.S. Supreme Court in October 1991, Paul Gerwitz, a law professor at Yale University wrote a tribute published in The New York Times. In the article, Gerwitz argued that Marshall’s work â€Å"required heroic imagination.† Marshall, who had lived through Jim Crow Era segregation and racism, graduated from law school ready to fight discrimination. For this, Gerwitz added, Marshall â€Å"really changed the world, something few lawyers can say.† Key Achievements First African-American to be appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court.Wins 29 U.S. Supreme Court cases, helping to overturn segregation in public schools and transportation these cases include Brown v. Board of Education as well as Browder v. Gayle. Established the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, serving as first president and counsel-director.Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom from William H. Clinton. Early Life and Education Born Thoroughgood on July 2, 1908, in Baltimore, Marshall was the son of William, a train porter and Norma, an educator. In the second grade, Marshall changed his name to Thurgood. Marshall attended Lincoln University where he began protesting against segregation by participating in a sit-in at a movie theater. He also became a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.   In 1929, Marshall graduated with a degree in humanities and began his studies at the Howard University School of Law. Heavily influenced by the school’s dean, Charles Hamilton Houston, Marshall became dedicated to ending discrimination through the use of legal discourse. In 1933, Marshall graduated first in his class from Howard University School of Law.    Career Timeline    1934: Opens a private law practice in Baltimore. Marshall also begins his relationship for the Baltimore Branch of the NAACP by representing the organization in the law school discrimination case Murray v. Pearson. 1935: Wins his first civil rights case, Murray v. Pearson while working with Charles Houston. 1936: Appointed assistant special counsel for the New York chapter of the NAACP. 1940: Wins Chambers v. Florida. This will be Marshall’s first of 29 U.S. Supreme Court victories. 1943:   Schools in Hillburn, NY are integrated after Marshall’s win. 1944: Makes a successful argument in the Smith v. Allwright case, overturning the â€Å"white primary† existing in the South. 1946: Wins an NAACP Spingarn Medal. 1948: The U.S. Supreme Court strikes down racially restrictive covenants when Marshall wins Shelley v. Kraemer. 1950: Two U.S. Supreme Court wins with Sweatt v. Painter and McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents. 1951: Investigates racism in the U.S. Armed Forces during a visit to South Korea. As a result of the visit, Marshall argues that â€Å"rigid segregation† exists.    1954: Marshall wins Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka. The landmark case ends legal segregation in public schools. 1956: The Montgomery Bus Boycott ends when Marshall wins Browder v. Gayle. The victory ends segregation on public transportation. 1957: Establishes the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. The defense fund is a nonprofit law firm that is independent of the NAACP. 1961: Wins Garner v. Louisiana after defending a group of civil rights demonstrators. 1961: Appointed as a judge on the Second Circuit Courts of Appeal by John F. Kennedy. During Marshall’s four-year tenure, he makes 112 rulings which are not reversed by the U.S. Supreme Court. 1965: Handpicked by Lyndon B. Johnson to serve as U.S. Solicitor General. In a two-year period, Marshall wins 14 out of 19 cases. 1967:   Appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court. Marshall is the first African-American to hold this position and serves for 24 years. 1991: Retires from the U.S. Supreme Court. 1992: Recipient of the U.S. Senator John Heinz Award for Greatest Public Service by an Elected or Appointed Office by the Jefferson Awards. Awarded the Liberty Medal for protecting civil rights. Personal Life In 1929, Marshall married Vivien Burey. Their union lasted for 26 years until Vivien’s death in 1955. That same year, Marshall married Cecilia Suyat. The couple had two sons, Thurgood Jr. who served as a top aide for William H. Clinton and John W. who worked as a Director of the U.S. Marshals Service and Virginia Secretary of Public Safety. Death Marshall died on January 25, 1993.

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Ethics - Essay Example The modern times have however shown that there is no place for descriptive-normative gaps for the explanation of ethical naturalism and that this ethical naturalism has become a â€Å"naturalistic fallacy† far from the post modern notions of blatant relativism.Therefore I would agree with the proposition that there has been a necessary shift from Modernity to Post-Modern, towards a knowledge based ethical discourse. To illustrate my argument I would like to base my argument pertaining to the post modern shift in ethical notions upon an example of the emerging notion of â€Å"expert professionalism† in sociological terms. Take the example of modern professional ethics. Steven Brint (1994), a sociologist, has referred to the notion of professionalism and ethics as â€Å"social trustee professionalism,† which banks on the notions of the professionals being aware of their social contract with the larger society. For Brint (1994) the conclusion is that the past decades have seen â€Å"a key historical change† in a transition from what was initially â€Å"social trustee professionalism† to what is the modern day â€Å"expert professionalism†. This view is shared by Sullivan (2004:28) who has termed this transition in professionalism as the loss of â€Å"the ethical-social values of professional identity†. Thus to add to Brint’s analysis Sullivan (2004:32) has also spoken of the need to have the professional education â€Å"restructured in ways that suffuse technical competence with civic awareness and purpose†. Therefore what has replaced the social trustee professionalism is an audit culture. According to Pels [(2000:148) as cited by Fertig (2003)] this audit culture is â€Å"...the shift, in anthropological ethics, from professionalism to audit [being] yet another instance of the swing of the liberal pendulum from a romantic primacy of the ethical to a utilitarian primacy of the economic†. This dichotomy has been further classified by Stronach et al

Will email details Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Will email details - Essay Example rt for the world to see the Negro’s capability of beauty, that the black man or woman is no different from the rest of humanity with his or her expression of beauty. He saw race more as a matter of social and cultural influence rather than the biological and hereditary influence or color of skin. Dubois, on the other hand, saw the pragmatic use of the art to advance the cause of the Negro. Thus, he called for Negro artists to look back at Africa for inspiration and to dig deep within their Negro character to best represent it in the art. Thus, artists such as Jacob Lawrence, Loà ¯s Mailou Jones, William H. Johnson and others responded with their visual arts. Thus, artists such Jacob Lawrence and William H. Johnson responded by depicting that blacks could be beautiful by literally portraying Negroes in his painting in accordance with Locke’s philosophy as what we can see from his painting in Poor Parlor, Self Portrait and Chain Gang. Artists such as Loà ¯s Mailou Jones proved in their paintings the Negro’s capability for aesthetics as they painted beauty of equal magnificence such as the work in Fishing Smacks, Menemsha, Massachusetts and Les Pommes Vertes (The Green Apples) proving that the Negro is equally capable. In a way, the futurism art movement was a celebration of the industrialized world which is contradictory to other artists who retreat from the hustle of the big industrialized cities as they create their works. Their method ranged from abstraction to photography depicting actions, objects and insignia of industrialization. For example Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carrà  , Luigi Russolo, Giacomo Balla, and Gino Severini created Poesia as an abstraction of the horse that moves goods and people before the introduction of motorized vehicles. In their other works, they also portrayed the working man and woman suggesting that indeed, beauty can be seen in toiling in the city. Practical art form such as signs has a useful impact on me. Messages conveyed